#define ALLOW_INSTRUCTOR_CODE
/***************************************************************************
 ***************************************************************************
 ****** BEFORE BEGINNING OR TURNING IN THIS EXERCISE IT IS  EXTREMELY ******
 ****** IMPORTANT THAT YOU READ, FULLY UNDERSTAND, AND ADHERE TO  THE ******
 ****** REQUIREMENTS STATED  IN  THE  DOCUMENT  TITLED,   "ASSIGNMENT ******
 ****** SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS", DOWNLOADABLE FROM  THE  COURSE  WEB ******
 ****** SITE.                                                         ******
 ***************************************************************************
 **************************************************************************/



/***************************************************************************
 ************* C/C++ Programming 2:  Assignment 2 - Exercise 1 *************
 ********* BEGIN EXERCISE REQUIREMENT - THIS MUST BE A "C" PROGRAM *********
 ***************************************************************************
   
   (1 point)  The number of bits in type char (1 char = 1 byte) is an
   implementation-dependent value greater than or equal to 8 while the
   number of bits in type int is an implementation-dependent value greater
   than or equal to 16.
   
   Write function CountIntBitsF and macro CountBitsM:
   
      CountIntBitsF syntax:
         int CountIntBitsF(void);
      Parameters:
         none
      Synopsis:
         Determines the number of bits in data type int on any machine on
         which it is run.
      Return:
         the number of bits in data type int


      CountBitsM syntax:
         int CountBitsM(type);
      Parameters:
         type - any data type (literally: int, float, double, etc.),
                or any non-void expression (24, x, printf("Hello"), etc.)
      Synopsis:
         Determines the number of bits in the data type of <type> on any
         machine on which it is run.  Hint - This is an extremely trivial
         macro.
      Return:
         the number of bits in the data type of <type>


      CountIntBitsF and CountBitsM:
         * Shall not assume a char/byte contains 8 bits (or any other value)
         * Shall not call any function
         * Shall not use any external variables
         * Shall not perform any right-shifts
         * Shall not display anything

      CountIntBitsF:
         * Shall not use any macro

      CountBitsM:
         * Shall not declare any variables
         * May use a macro from <limits.h>
      
 ***************************************************************************
 ************************ END EXERCISE REQUIREMENT *************************
 **************************************************************************/



/***************************************************************************
 * BEFORE PRINTING THIS ASSIGNMENT  TO  TURN  IN, DELETE  THIS  COMMENT  AND
 * EVERYTHING ABOVE IT.
 **************************************************************************/

/*
 * TODO:
 *   REPLACE THIS COMMENT WITH YOUR TITLE BLOCK.
 */

/*
 * TODO:
 *    REPLACE THIS COMMENT WITH YOUR C  CODE,  PLUS  ANYTHING  NECESSARY  TO
 *    SUPPORT MY TEST CODE BELOW.  DO NOT INCLUDE ANY UNNEEDED HEADER FILES!
 */

/***************************************************************************
 * BEFORE PRINTING THIS ASSIGNMENT  TO  TURN  IN, DELETE  THIS  COMMENT  AND
 * EVERYTHING BELOW IT.
 **************************************************************************/

/*
 ***** Change nothing below this comment without instructor permission. ****
 * Everything that follows was written to help test/verify your code.  You
 * do not need to understand the details of my code to write yours!
 */
#ifdef ALLOW_INSTRUCTOR_CODE
int main(void)
{
   /* Ignore "unreferenced variable" warnings for the 4 declarations. */
   char cArray[25];
   double dArray[25];
   long double xyz;
   typedef struct test {long double x; float y; struct test *p;} TEST;
   
   /* Test the function version. */
   printf("Implementation-dependent bit widths:\n\n");
   printf("   From CountIntBitsF:\n");
   printf("      Type 'int'         -> %d\n\n", CountIntBitsF());

   /* Test the macro version. */
   printf("   From CountBitsM:\n");
   printf("      Type 'char'        -> %d\n", CountBitsM(char));
   printf("      Type 'short'       -> %d\n", CountBitsM(short));
   printf("      Type 'int'         -> %d\n", CountBitsM(int));
   printf("      Type 'long'        -> %d\n", CountBitsM(long));
   printf("      Type 'float'       -> %d\n", CountBitsM(float));
   printf("      Type 'double'      -> %d\n", CountBitsM(double));
   printf("      Type 'long double' -> %d\n", CountBitsM(long double));
   printf("\n");
   /*lint -e719 */
   printf("      printf return      -> %d\n", CountBitsM(printf("")));
   /*lint +e719 */
   printf("      'A'                -> %d\n", CountBitsM('A'));
   printf("      2000000+8000000    -> %d\n", CountBitsM(2000000 + 8000000));
   printf("      xyz                -> %d\n", CountBitsM(xyz));
   printf("      cArray             -> %d\n", CountBitsM(cArray));
   printf("      dArray             -> %d\n", CountBitsM(dArray));
   printf("      TEST               -> %d\n", CountBitsM(TEST));
   printf("\n");

   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
   /*lint -e550 -e754 */
}
#endif